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VOLUME 16 , ISSUE 3 ( September-December, 2021 ) > List of Articles

ORIGINAL RESEARCH

A Single Approach for Management of Fractures Involving Both Columns of the Acetabulum: A Case Series of 23 Patients

Atul Patil, Dheeraj S Attarde, Askhar Haphiz

Keywords : Acetabular fracture, Bicolumnar fracture acetabulum, Single-approach acetabulum

Citation Information : Patil A, Attarde DS, Haphiz A. A Single Approach for Management of Fractures Involving Both Columns of the Acetabulum: A Case Series of 23 Patients. 2021; 16 (3):152-160.

DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10080-1541

License: CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

Published Online: 15-01-2022

Copyright Statement:  Copyright © 2021; The Author(s).


Abstract

Aim and objective: To study the radiological and functional outcomes as well as complications in the management of fractures involving both columns of the acetabulum using a single surgical approach. Design: Type IV, prospective clinical study. Setting: Level I trauma centre. Materials and methods: Inclusion criteria were as follows: (a) patients over 20 year of age and (b) patients suffering from acetabular fractures involving both columns as per Letournel and Judet classification, namely transverse, transverse + posterior wall, T type, anterior column posterior hemi-transverse (ACPHT) and associated both columns. Exclusion criteria were as follows: (a) patient suffering from isolated anterior column, posterior column, anterior wall, posterior wall and posterior wall + column fractures; (b) patient who have undergone surgical procedures of the hip prior to trauma; and (c) compound acetabular fractures. A total of 23 patients having both column acetabulum fractures were included prospectively from June 2016 to December 2018 and followed up till 1 year postoperatively. Open reduction and internal fixation were performed through one of three described approaches, i.e., iliofemoral, Kocher-Langenbeck, and anterior intrapelvic or ilioinguinal. Results: Our study population consisted of 30.4% transverse, 39.1% associated both columns, 21.7% T type and 8.7% anterior column + posterior hemi-transverse. Of these, 65.2% were operated using the Kocher-Langenbeck approach, while 30.4% of patients required the anterior intrapelvic approach. The remaining 4.3% of patients were operated by the iliofemoral approach. Anatomic reduction was achieved in 100% of our study population with remaining displacement less than or equal to 1°mm. At 1-year follow-up, all fractures showed a satisfactory union with an excellent Matta index in 100% study subjects. Complications at 1 year included one case of foot drop, which was present preoperatively but failed to improve and one case of post-traumatic arthritis. Average Harris Hip score (HHS) and mean Merle D'Aubigne (MDA) scores suggested good clinical outcomes in the study population. Conclusions: A single approach can be used to achieve good functional and radiological outcomes in carefully selected bicolumnar fractures of the acetabulum, with less approach-related morbidity. Clinical significance: Traditionally, multiple approaches are used for acetabulum fractures involving both columns, but with proper patient selection, single approach can be used with good functional and surgical outcomes.


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