Treatment of high-energy fractures of the tibial plateau requires an inordinate degree of surgical effort in order to avoid complications. Fracture reduction can be a challenge to experienced hands and the soft tissue conditions are intolerant of careless dissection. In general, it is an oversimplification to use one technique of stabilisation for such a heterogenous group (even within one classification tier). This article describes the specific attributes of Schatzker type 6 injuries (AO 41C) that enable decision making algorithms to be generated and balances the merits for plate stabilisation and external fixation against injury characteristics. A detailed description is given for circular fixation in these injuries to assist those unfamiliar with the technique.
McQueen MM, Gaston P, Court-Brown CM (2000) Acute compartment syndrome: who is at risk? J Bone Joint Surg Br 82:200-203
Schatzker J, McBroom R, Bruce D (1979) The tibial plateau fracture: the Toronto experience 1968-1975. Clin Orthop Relat Res 138:94-104
Orthopaedic Trauma Association (1996) Fracture and dislocation compendium: introduction. J Orthop Trauma 10[Suppl 1]:5-9
Anglen JO, Aleto T (1998) Temporary transarticular external fixation of the knee and ankle. J Orthop Trauma 12:431-434
Haidukewych GJ (2002) Temporary external fixation for the management of complex intra- and periarticular fractures of the lower extremity. J Orthop Trauma 16:678-685
Kowalski M, Schemitsch EH, Harrington RM et al (1996) Comparative biomechanical evaluation of different external fixation sidebars: stainless-steel tubes versus carbon fiber rods. J Orthop Trauma 10:470-475
Tencer AF Claudi B, Pearce S et al (1983) Development of a variable stiffness external fixation system for stabilisation of segmental defects of the tibia. J Orthop Res 1:395-404
Huiskes R, Chao EYS (1986) Guidelines for external fixation frame rigidity and stresses. J Orthop Res 4:68-75
Egol KA, Tejwani NC, Capla EL et al (2005) Staged management of high-energy proximal tibia fractures (OTA types 41): the results of a prospective, standardized protocol. J Orthop Trauma 19:448-455; discussion 456
Humphrey C, Dirschl D, Ellis T (2005) Interobserver reliability of a CT-based fracture classification system. J Orthop Trauma 19:616-622
Chan PS, Klimkiewicz JJ, Lucchetti WT et al (1997) Impact of CT scan on treatment plan and fracture classification of tibial plateau fractures. J Orthop Trauma 11:484-489
Westmoreland GL, McLaurin TM, Hutton WC (2002) Screw pullout strength: a biomechanical comparison of large-fragment and small-fragment fixation in the tibial plateau. J Orthop Trauma 16:178-181
Karunakar MA, Egol KA, Peindl R et al (2002) Split depression tibial plateau fractures: a biomechanical study. J Orthop Trauma 16:172-177
Claes L, Augat P, Suger G et al (1997) Influence of size and stability of the osteotomy gap on the success of fracture healing. J Orthop Res 15:577-584
Claes L, Heitemeyer U, Krischak G et al (1999) Fixation technique influences osteogenesis of comminuted fractures. Clin Orthop 365:221-229
Claes L, Eckert-Hubner K, Augat P et al (2002) The effect of mechanical stability on local vascularization and tissue differentiation in callus healing. J Orthop Res 20:1099-1105
Claes, Laule J, Wegner K et al (2000) The influence of stiffness of the fixator on maturation of callus after segmental transport. J Bone Joint Surg Br 82:142-148
Yang L, Nayagam S, Saleh M (2003) Stiffness characteristics and inter-fragmentary displacements with different hybrid external fixators. Clin Biomech 18:166-172
Yang L, Nayagam S, Saleh M (2000) The effect of different wire and screw combinations on the stiffness of a hybrid external fixator. Proc Inst Mech Eng 214:669-676
Davies R, Holt N, Nayagam S (2005) The care of pin sites with external fixation. J Bone Joint Surg Br 87:716-719